Analysis of the Lower Limit of Allowable Energy in Modular Multilevel Converters
In this paper, a thorough analysis of the converter arm behavior is presented, which gives an analytic expression of the lower limit of the energy as a function of the converter operating point and the connected grid conditions. The relation between the lower energy limit and the operating power is analyzed by using the practical MMC specifications of an HVDC application. An experimental test of a small-scale MMC mock-up demonstrates the validity of the theoretical analysis.